Data 1 milyar penduduk Tiongkok dibocorkan

 

Sumber: Leaked Personal Data of 1 Billion Chinese Citizens on Sale for 10 Bitcoins — Hacker Claims Stolen From Shanghai Police 

 

 The post by Chinadan about the leaked data from the Shanghai police database. Source: Bleeping Computer

Populasi Republik Rakyat Tiongkok

Beberapa hari lalu ada kasus kebocoran data penduduk Tiongkok. Data yg diklaim bocor ada 1 milyar nama penduduk dan data pribadinya. Sampel yang dibocorkan ada 250 ribu penduduk. Masalahnya ternyata distribusi umur di sampel itu tidak cocok dengan sensus resmi dari pemerintah Tiongkok.

Berikut ini grafik populasi Tiongkok berdasarkan umur:

Ada 3 sumber data:

• sensus 2020
• NBS (The National Bureau of Statistics of China)
• Analisis dari Yu Fuxian 

Masalah: ada perbedaan antara angka resmi yang diumumkan oleh pemerintah Tiongkok, dengan angka yang didapat menggunakan data dari database kepolisian yang dibocorkan.. 

Sensus Penduduk Tiongkok 2020 

sumber: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Chinese_census

Analisis dari Yu Fuxian

sumber: https://twitter.com/fuxianyi/status/1545668143816839170

Yu Fuxian menggunakan data yang dibocorkan dari hacker untuk mendapatkan estimasi populasi sesungguhnya.

"Recently leaked China's population data confirm my estimates: births began to decline in 1991, with no peak in 2004 or 2011; Population is now less than 1.28 billion, not the official 1.41 billion; Population began to shrink in 2018, not 2031 as officially predicted."

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

Sumber: https://twitter.com/fuxianyi/status/1545995481138044928

 

 

Referensi

• Warsaw Institute: China’s Population Aging and the End of the Demographic Dividend
• China's population reaches 1.41 billion: NBS
• New Data Confirm Worrying Fall in China’s Birth Rate
• China population: census results will spur debate on key policy issues 
• China's Demographic Manipulation
• Hackers claim retrieving data of china's shanghai national police database 
  

Definisi Kapitalisme

Kapitalisme memiliki banyak arti. Dalam diskusi atau membaca artikel, perlu dicek dulu  apa arti kapitalisme/kapitalis pada artikel/tulisan tersebut.

https://www.britannica.com/topic/capitalism

• capitalism, also called free market economy or free enterprise economy, economic system, dominant in the Western world since the breakup of feudalism, in which most means of production are privately owned and production is guided and income distributed largely through the operation of markets.
  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalism

• Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitalisme

• Kapitalisme adalah sebuah mode produksi yang bertujuan untuk meraih keuntungan sebesar-besarnya dengan biaya produksi sekecil-kecilnya. Minimalisasi biaya produksi dicapai dengan cara menekan upah pekerja.

 

Definisi Demokrasi

Definisi Demokrasi

Merriam Webster: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/democracy

• 1a : government by the people especially : rule of the majority
• 1b : a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections
• 2 : a political unit that has a democratic government
• 3 capitalized : the principles and policies of the Democratic party in the U.S. from emancipation Republicanism to New Deal Democracy— C. M. Roberts
• 4 : the common people especially when constituting the source of political authority
• 5 : the absence of hereditary or arbitrary class distinctions or privileges

Democratic https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/democratic

• 1 : of, relating to, or favoring democracy (see democracy sense 1) democratic elections a democratic government
• 2 often capitalized : of or relating to one of the two major political parties in the U.S. evolving in the early 19th century from the anti-federalists and the Democratic-Republican party and associated in modern times with policies of broad social reform and internationalism the Democratic candidate for governor
• 3 : relating to, appealing to, or available to the broad masses of the people democratic art democratic education
• 4 : favoring social equality : not snobbish disagrees with her very democratic husband

https://www.britannica.com/topic/democracy

• democracy, literally, rule by the people. The term is derived from the Greek dēmokratia, which was coined from dēmos (“people”) and kratos (“rule”) in the middle of the 5th century bce to denote the political systems then existing in some Greek city-states, notably Athens.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy

• Democracy (from Greek δημοκρατία (dēmokratía) dēmos 'people' and kratos 'rule'[1]) is a form of government in which the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation ("direct democracy"), or to choose governing officials to do so ("representative democracy"). 

Definisi Demokratisasi

https://www.britannica.com/topic/democratization

• process through which a political regime becomes democratic.

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratisasi 

• Demokratisasi adalah transisi ke rezim politik yang lebih demokratis.
  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratization

• Democratization, or democratisation, is the transition to a more democratic political regime, including substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction.
  

• https://ejournal.unisnu.ac.id/JPIT/article/viewFile/216/374

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratization_of_knowledge

• The democratization of knowledge is the acquisition and spread of knowledge amongst a wider part of the population, not just privileged elites such as clergy and academics. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratization_of_technology 

• Democratization of technology refers to the process by which access to technology rapidly continues to become more accessible to more people.